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Clomiphene, 1500mg (25mg/capsule)
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Vedi i risultati di laboratorio →Clomiphene is a racemic mixture of two geometric isomers of a triphenylethylene selective oestrogen receptor modulator (SERM): enclomiphene (trans-isomer, predominant ER antagonist) and zuclomiphene (cis-isomer, mixed ER agonist/antagonist). The racemic mixture has a well-characterised clinical pharmacological profile as a SERM used to investigate hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis feedback.
Research applications include SERM pharmacology, HPG-axis feedback investigation, and isomeric mixture vs. isolated isomer comparative studies.
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3D Molecular Structure
Drag to rotate · scroll to zoom| Chemical Formula | C32H36ClNO8 |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Clomiphene citrate salt, 2-(4-[2-Chloro-1,2-diphenylethenyl]phenoxy)-N,N-diethylethanamine, Clostilbegit, Dyneric, Klostilbegit, Serophene |
| Molar Mass | 598.1 g/mol |
| CAS Number | 50-41-9 |
| PubChem CID | 60974 |
| Total Compound Content | 1,500 mg (25 mg per capsule) |
| Shelf Life | 36 months |
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What is the isomeric composition of clomiphene and how does it differ from enclomiphene?
Clomiphene is a racemic mixture of approximately 38% enclomiphene (trans-isomer) and 62% zuclomiphene (cis-isomer). Enclomiphene is predominantly an ER antagonist with a ~10-hour half-life. Zuclomiphene is a mixed ER agonist/antagonist with a ~30-day half-life, leading to accumulation with repeated dosing.
SwissChems also supplies isolated enclomiphene (ENCLOMFNE-60) for studies requiring pure trans-isomer pharmacology without the zuclomiphene background.
Why does zuclomiphene's long half-life complicate mechanistic research with clomiphene?
Zuclomiphene accumulates with repeated dosing (t½ ~30 days vs. enclomiphene's ~10 hours), creating a progressively increasing background of ER agonist/antagonist activity that is difficult to control or quantify in repeat-dose study designs. This accumulation confounds attribution of pharmacodynamic effects to the enclomiphene component — the presumed primary active isomer for HPG-axis modulation.
Researchers studying acute or isomer-specific ER antagonism at the HPG axis typically prefer isolated enclomiphene to avoid this confound.
What is clomiphene's mechanism of action at the hypothalamic-pituitary axis?
Clomiphene's primary HPG-axis mechanism is ER antagonism at hypothalamic arcuate nucleus KNDy neurons and pituitary gonadotrophs. Oestrogen-mediated negative feedback normally suppresses GnRH pulsatility and gonadotropin secretion. ER antagonism by clomiphene's enclomiphene component reduces this negative feedback, increasing GnRH pulse frequency and downstream LH/FSH secretion.
The zuclomiphene component provides a counteracting partial ER agonist background that partially offsets this effect, resulting in the net gonadotropin-stimulating profile of the racemic mixture.
